19th Century (1800-1899) C.E.

 

1803 Shah Abdul Aziz ibn Saud assassinated by a Shia fanatic. Shah Shuja proclaimed as King of Afghanistan.

1805 Ibn Saud captured Madinah defeating the Turk garrison.
1804 Othman Dan Fodio established Islamic State of Sokoto in Central Sudan.
1805 Faraizi movement launched in Bengal. Muhammad Ali appointed Pasha of Egypt by the Turks.

1806 Khanate of Khiva came into limelight under the rule of Muhammad Rahim Khan.
1807 Darqawi sect revolted against Turkish domination. Tunisia repudiated suzerainty of Algeria.

1811 Birth of Ali Muhammad Bab founder of Bab movement.
1811 British occupied Indonesia.
1812 Madina fell to Egyptians.
1813 Makkah and Taif captured by Egyptian forces and Saudis expelled from Hijaz.
1814 Iran executed treaty of alliance with the British known as Definitive Treaty.
1814 Death of Ibn Saud II.
1814 King Othman of Tunisia assassinated by his cousin Mahmud.
1816 British withdrew from Indonesia restoring it to the Dutch.
1822 Death of Maulay Ismail in Morocco.
1827 Malaya became a preserve of the British according to Anglo- Netherland treaty in 1824.
1828 Russia declared war against Turkey.
1829 Treaty of Adrianople.
1830 French forces landed near Algiers and occupied Algeria ending 313 years rule of Turks.
1831 Syed Ahmad Barelvi and Shah Ismail leaders of Jihad movement in India fell fighting the Sikhs in Balakot.

1832 Turks defeated in the battle of Konia by Egyptian forces.
1832 Sayyid Said, King of Oman, shifted his capital to Zanzibar.
1834 Abdul Qadir recognised as ruler of the area under his control by the French.
1839 Defeat of Turkey by the Egyptians in the battle of Nisibin.
1840 Quadruple Alliance by the European powers to force Egypt to relinquish Syria.
1840 British frees occupied Aden.
1841 State of Adamawa established by Adams adjacent to Nigeria.
1842 Amir Abdul Qadir, ousted from Algeria by the French. crossed over to Morocco.
1842 Shah Shuja assassinated ending the Durrani rule in Afghanistan.
1847 Amir Abdul Qadir surrendred to France under the condition of safe conduct to a Muslim country of his choice but France violated its pledge and sent him as a captive to France.

1849 Death of Muhammad Ali pasha.

1850 Ali Muhammad Bab arrested and executed by Iranian government. Qurratul Ain Tabira, a renowned poetess and staunch advocate of Babism also shot dead.

1852 Release of Amir Abdul Qadir by Napolean III. He settled in Turkey.
1855 Khiva annexed by Russia.
1857 British captured Delhi and eliminated Mughal rule in India after 332 years. Last Mughal Emperor Bahadur Shah Zafar was exiled to Rangoon in Burma. This was also the end of 1000 years of Muslim rule over India.

1859 Imam Shamil laid down arms before Russian forces and the Islamic State of Daghestan became a Russian province.

1860 Maulay Muhammad defeated by Spain.
1861 Death of Sultan Abdul-Majid of Turkey.
1862 Faraizi movement fizzled out after the death of Dadu Miyan..
1865 Khoqand State liquidated by Russia.
1869 Jamaluddin Afghani exiled from Afghanistan. He proceeded to Egypt.
1871 Tunisia recognised suzerainty of Turkey through a Firman.
1876 Britain purchased shares of Khediv Ismail in the Suez canal and got involved in Egyptian affairs.

1878 Turkey handed over Cyprus to Britain.
1878 Adrianople fell to Russia.
1879 Jamaluddin Afghani exiled from Egypt.
1879 Treaty of Berlin. Turkey lost 4/5 th of its territory in Europe.
1881 France invaded Tunisia and the Bey acknowledged supremacy of France as a result of the treaty of Bardo.

1881 Muhammad Ahmad declared himself Mahdi in northern Sudan.
1882 Egypt came under British military occupation.
1883 Death of Amir Abdul Qadir in Damascus.
1885 Muhammad Ahmad declared free Government of Sudan under his rule.
1885 Death of Mahdi Sudani five months after the occupation of Khartum.
1890 End of Banbara State.
1895 Afghanistan got Wakhan corridor by an understanding with Russia and British India making Afghan border touch China.

1895 Mirza Ghulam Ahmad of Qadian claimed prophethood.
1897 State of Bagirimi occupied by the French,
1899 Fall of Mahdi State occupied by the British and the Egyptians jointly.